Publications

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Patents

  1. A. K. Raz, M. Gamarra, “System and Method for Mission Engineering”, Patent Pending with U.S PTO, filed by U.S. Department of the Air Force, Air Force Research Laboratory (2026) (AFD-2640)
  2. A.K. Raz, R. Ganesan, K.C. Chang, A. Barreto, J. Ferrari, M. Hieb, P. Costa, “Sensor Placement and Optimization for Counter UAV Systems, Patent Application Pending with U.S PTO, filing in progress by George Mason University (GMU-26-008P)
    • Licensed Software: MUSCAT: Mason UAV Systems Cyber Analysis Testbed, (GMU: LIC-26-005)
  3. A.K. Raz, M. Hieb, D. Maxwell, “Intent-Based Networking for Distributed Command and Control, Provisional Patent Application Pending, George Mason University

Book Chapters/Magazine Articles

  • 2026

    • Complex Aerospace Systems

      “Managing System of Systems Complexity for Distributed Operations,” in Complex Aerospace Systems, Reston, VA: American Institute of Aeronautics and Astronautics, 2026. (in publication review)

      A. K. Raz, D. A. DeLaurentis, and J. Hudack

  • 2022
  • 2021

    • Engineering Artificially Intelligent Systems

      "Finding the Path Toward Design of Synergistic Human-Centric Complex Systems." In Engineering Artificially Intelligent Systems, pp. 73-89. Springer, Cham, 2021

      Hesham Y. Fouad, Ali K. Raz, James Llinas, William F. Lawless & Ranjeev Mittu

  • 2020

    • Human-Machine Shared Contexts

      Engineering for emergence in information fusion systems: A review of some challenges, pp. 241-255. Academic Press, 2020

      Ali K.Raz, James Llinas, Ranjeev Mittu, William F. Lawless

  • 2018

Journal Articles

Disclaimer: The papers below are intended for private viewing by the page owner or those who otherwise have legitimate access to them. No part of it may in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or any other means be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or be broadcast or transmitted without the prior permission of the respective publishers. If your organization has a valid subscription of the journals, click on the DOI link for the legitimate copy of the papers.

  1. S. Khatouri, F. Sahebsara, M. R. Hieb, L. W. Berklich, A. K. Raz, “Digital Twin–Enabled Architectures for Autonomous Systems via Model-Based Systems Engineering”, INCOSE Systems Engineering Journal, (Submitted), (IF 1.8)
  2. A.K. Raz, R. Ganesan, K.C. Chang, B. Jang, A. Barreto, J. Ferrari, M. Hieb, B. Josephson, “MUSCAT: A Sensor Placement Optimization and Sensor Fusion Testbed for Counter Uncrewed Aerial Systems”, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems (Submitted) (IF:5.7)
  3. A.K. Raz, M. Hieb, S. Alam, A. Talukdar, C. Vaseghi, S. Babcock, D. Maxwell, V. Omelko, and R. Hilliard, “Intent-Based Networking for Distributed Command-and-Control and System of Systems”, INCOSE Systems Engineering (submitted) (IF:1.9)
  4. F. Sahebsara, M. Hieb, A.K. Raz, “Model-Based Systems Engineering as a Foundational Enabler of Digital Twin: An In-Depth Systematic Review”, IEEE Open Journal of Systems Engineering, (in revision)
  5. K.C. Chang, A.K. Raz, M. R. Hieb, R. Ganesan, “From ROC to SOC; A predictive Sensor Fusion Framework for Counter Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles”, IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems (IF:5.7)
  6. A. K. Raz and M. Gamarra, “A Desirability Assessment Framework for System of Systems”, IEEE Systems Journal (in revision (IF:4.4))
  7. M. Torkjazi and A. K. Raz, “A Systems Engineering Methodology for System of Autonomous Systems: Architecture and Integration”, INCOSE Systems Engineering, 2026 (IF 1.6; 9% acceptance rate)
  8. M. Torkjazi and A. K. Raz, “A Systems Engineering Methodology for the System of Autonomous Systems: Test and Evaluation”, INCOSE Systems Engineering, 2025 (IF 1.6; 9% acceptance rate)
  9. A. K. Raz, K. Mall, S. M. Nolan, W. Levin, A. Mia, L. Mockus, K. Ezra, K. Williams, and J. Parish “Explainable AI and Robustness based Test and Evaluation of Reinforcement Learning,” IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems. 2024 (IF:4.4)
  10. A. K. Raz, M. Bhuiyan, J. Bricio-Neto, C. Santos, and D. Maxwell, “Conceptual, Mathematical, and Analytical Foundations for Mission Engineering and System of Systems Analysis,” IEEE Systems Journal. 2024. (IF: 4.4)
  11. M. Torkjazi and A. K. Raz, “A Review on Integrating Autonomy into System of Systems: Challenges and Research Directions.” IEEE Open Journal of Systems Engineering 2024.
  12. A. K. Raz, D. A. DeLaurentis, and J. Hudack, “Managing Complexity in Distributed Command and Control (C2) Systems,” Journal of DoD Research and Engineering, Jun. 2022.
  13. A. Dachowicz, K. Mall, P. Balasubramani, A. Maheshwari, A. K. Raz, P. Jitesh, D. DeLaurentis, “Mission Engineering and Design Using Real-Time Strategy Games: An Explainable AI Approach,” Journal of Mechanical Design, vol. 144, no. 2, Nov. 2021, doi: 10.1115/1.4052841. (IF 3.441)
  14. A. K. Raz, P. C. Wood, L. Mockus, and D. A. DeLaurentis, “System of systems uncertainty quantification using machine learning techniques with smart grid application,” Systems Engineering, vol. 23, no. 6, pp. 770–782, 2020, doi: https://doi.org/10.1002/sys.21561. (IF 2.0)
  15. A. Guerrero de la Peña N. Davendralingam, A. K. Raz, D. DeLaurentis, G. Shaver, V. Sujan, N. Jain, “Projecting adoption of truck powertrain technologies and CO2 emissions in line-haul networks,” Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, vol. 84, p. 102354, 2020, doi: 10.1016/j.trd.2020.102354. (IF 7.6)
  16. A. Guerrero de la Peña A. Guerrero de la Peña N. Davendralingam, A. K. Raz, D. DeLaurentis, G. Shaver, V. Sujan, N. Jain, “Projecting line-haul truck technology adoption: How heterogeneity among fleets impacts system-wide adoption,” Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, vol. 124, pp. 108–127, Apr. 2019, doi: 10.1016/j.tre.2018.12.017. (IF 10.6)
  17. A. K. Raz, C. R. Kenley, and D. A. DeLaurentis, “System architecting and design space characterization,” Systems Engineering, vol. 21, no. 3, pp. 227–242, May 2018, doi: 10.1002/sys.21439. (IF 2.0) (Best Journal Paper Award)
  18. C. Guariniello, S. Tamaskar, Z. Fang, N. Davendralingam, A. K. Raz, and D. A. DeLaurentis, “System-of-Systems tools and techniques for the analysis of Cyber-Physical Systems,” Systems Engineering, vol. 23, no. 4, pp. 480–491, July 2022, (IF 2.0) (Best Papers of 2020)
  19. A. K. Raz, C. R. Kenley, and D. A. DeLaurentis, “A System-of-Systems perspective for information fusion system design and evaluation,” Information Fusion, vol. 35, pp. 148–165, Elsevier, May 2017. (IF 18.6)

Conferences Papers

Refereed Conference Papers

  1. A.K. Raz, M. Hieb, D. Maxwell, V. Omelko, A. Beckus, and R. Hilliard. “Intent-based Networking for Distributed Command-and-Control Systems: A Conceptual Framework with System of Systems.” In 2025 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), pp. 6714-6719. IEEE, 2025.
  2. Chang, K. C., Raz, A. K., Hieb, M. R., & Ganesan, R. “Predicting Sensor Fusion Performance for Situation Assessment in Countering Aerial Threats.” In 2025 28th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION) (pp. 1-8). IEEE
  3. A. Dyar, M. Garretson, M. Hieb, and A. K. Raz. “Model-based Automated Intent Estimation of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles with Sensor Fusion”. In 2024 AIAA DATC/IEEE 43rd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC) (pp. 1-7). September 2024, IEEE.
  4. M. Torkjazi and A. K. Raz, “Model‐Based Systems Engineering (MBSE) Methodology for Integrating Autonomy into a System of Systems Using the Unified Architecture Framework.” In INCOSE International Symposium, vol. 34, no. 1, pp. 1051-1070. 2024.
  5. M. Torkjazi and A. K. Raz, “Predictive and Prescriptive Analyses of Autonomy Integration into the System of Systems.” In Conference on Systems Engineering Research, pp. 213-228. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2024.
  6. A. K. Raz and M. Gamarra. “Mission Engineering: Analysis of Mission Threads with System of Systems Interdependence.” 2024 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon). IEEE, 2024.
  7. M. Torkjazi and A. K. Raz, “Data-Driven Approach with Machine Learning to Reduce Subjectivity in Multi-Attribute Decision Making Methods,” in 2023 IEEE International Systems Conference (SysCon), IEEE, 2023, pp. 1–8.
  8. S. Srivastava, G. Singh, S. Matsumoto, A. K. Raz, P. Costa, J. Poore, and Z. Yao, “MAILEX: Email Event and Argument Extraction,” in Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP), Singapore, 2023. (Acceptance Rate 28%)
  9. A. K. Raz, W. Miller, K.-C. Chang, Y. Lin, and E. Blasch, “Explainable AI and Counterfactuals for Test and Evaluation of Intelligent Engineered Systems,” in INCOSE International Symposium, 2023, pp. 1524–1539.
  10. L. McCue, A. Hagarty, C. Nowzari, A. K. Raz, M. Riggi, J. Rosenberg, D. Shishika, C. Smith, and J. Nelson, “Lessons Learned in the Development of a STEM Outreach Program for Biologically Inspired Underwater Robotics,” in 2023 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, 2023.
  11. Z. Fan, K. Chang, A. K. Raz, A. Harvey, and G. Chen, “Sensor Tasking for Space Situation Awareness: Combining Reinforcement Learning and Causality,” in 2023 IEEE Aerospace Conference, IEEE, 2023
  12. P. K. de Albuquerque, J. F. Ferrari, M. Hieb, P. Costa, L. Sherry, and A. K. Raz, “Multi-Sensor Placement and Information Fusion Analysis to Enable Beyond Visual Line of Sight Operations for Small Uncrewed Aerial Vehicles,” in 2023 IEEE/AIAA 42nd Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), IEEE, 2023, pp. 1–8.
  13. M. Torkjazi and A. K. Raz, “A taxonomy for system of autonomous systems,” in 2022 17th Annual System of Systems Engineering Conference (SOSE), IEEE, 2022, pp. 198–203.
  14. L. Sherry, S. Ansari, J. Baldo, B. Berlin, J. Shortle, and A.K. Raz, “Potential for Using Deep Learning for Digital-Twin System Validation Testing,” in 2022 IEEE/AIAA 41st Digital Avionics Systems Conference (DASC), IEEE, 2022, pp. 1–6.
  15. A. K. Raz, S. M. Nolan, W. Levin, K. Mall, A. Mia, L. Mockus, K. Ezra, and K. Williams, “Test and evaluation of reinforcement learning via robustness testing and explainable ai for high-speed aerospace vehicles,” in 2022 IEEE Aerospace Conference (AERO), IEEE, 2022, pp. 1–14.
  16. L. McCue, A. Hagarty, C. Nowzari, A. K. Raz, M. Riggi, J. Rosenberg, D. Shishika, C. Smith, and J. Nelson, “Work-in-Progress: Development of a new hands-on STEM program for biologically inspired maritime robotics,” in 2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, 2022.
  17. A. Fentiman, J. Sutherland, D. Delaurentis, K. Douglas, J. D. Camba, C. R. Kenley, A. K. Raz, A. Koehler, W. Huang, A. Hurt, and J. Richardson, “Work in Progress: Aligning a Professional Development Program with Industry Needs,” in 2022 ASEE Annual Conference & Exposition, 2022.
  18. E. Blasch, A. Savakis, Y. Zheng, G. Chen, I. Kadar, U. Majumder, and A. K. Raz, “Joint data learning panel summary,” in Signal Processing, Sensor/Information Fusion, and Target Recognition XXXI, SPIE, 2022, pp. 138–154.
  19. D. DeLaurentis, P. Jitesh, A. K. Raz, P. Balasubramani, A. Maheshwari, A. Dachowicz, and K. Mall, “Toward automated game balance: A systematic engineering design approach,” in 2021 IEEE Conference on Games (CoG), IEEE, 2021, pp. 1–8.
  20. T. Li, K. Douglas, H. P. Le, A. K. Raz, W. J. Huang, and A. W. Fentiman, “Applying social constructivism in model-based systems engineering online instructional module for engineering professionals,” in 2020 IEEE Frontiers in Education Conference (FIE), IEEE, 2020, pp. 1–5.
  21. C. Guariniello, L. Mockus, A. K. Raz, and D. A. DeLaurentis, “Towards intelligent architecting of aerospace system-of-systems: Part II,” in 2020 IEEE Aerospace Conference, IEEE, 2020, pp. 1–9.
  22. A. Fentiman, J. Sutherland, D. Delaurentis, K. Douglas, J. D. Camba, C. R. Kenley, A. K. Raz, A. Koehler, W. Huang, A. Hurt, and J. Richardson, “Development, Deployment, and Evaluation of Instructional Modules for Current and Future Practitioners of Model-Based Systems Engineering,” in 2020 ASEE Annual Conference Proceedings, 2020.
  23. A. K. Raz and C. R. Kenley, “Multi-disciplinary perspectives for engineering resilience in systems,” in 2019 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC), IEEE, 2019, pp. 761–766.
  24. C. Guariniello, A. K. Raz, L. Mockus, and D. DeLaurentis, “Experiences in evolving system-of-systems engineering methodology to address pain points,” in 2019 14th Annual Conference System of Systems Engineering (SoSE), IEEE, 2019, pp. 189–194.
  25. C. Guariniello, L. Mockus, A. K. Raz, and D. A. DeLaurentis, “Towards intelligent architecting of aerospace system-of-systems,” in 2019 IEEE Aerospace Conference, IEEE, 2019, pp. 1–11.
  26. A. Guerrero de la Peña N. Davendralingam, A. K. Raz, D. DeLaurentis, G. Shaver, V. Sujan, N. Jain, “Modeling the Combined Effect of Powertrain Options and Autonomous Technology on Vehicle Adoption and Utilization by Line-haul Fleets,” in 2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference (ITSC), IEEE, 2019, pp. 1231–1238.
  27. E. P. Blasch, U. Majumder, T. Rovito, and A. K. Raz, “Artificial Intelligence in Use by Multimodal Fusion,” in 2019 22th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION), IEEE, 2019, pp. 1–8.
  28. A. K. Raz, P. Wood, L. Mockus, D. A. DeLaurentis, and J. Llinas, “Identifying interactions for information fusion system design using machine learning techniques,” in 2018 21st International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION), IEEE, 2018, pp. 226–233.
  29. A. Guerrero de la Peña N. Davendralingam, A. K. Raz, D. DeLaurentis, G. Shaver, V. Sujan, N. Jain, “Modeling Freight Transportation as a System-of-Systems to Determine Adoption of Emerging Vehicle Technologies,” in International Conference on Transportation and Development 2018, American Society of Civil Engineers Reston, VA, 2018, pp. 156–169.
  30. A. Maheshwari, A. K. Raz, A. Dervisevic, R. Campbell, D. A. DeLaurentis, W. Colligan, A. Murphy, and O. Kolawole, “Minimum SysML Representations to Enable Rapid Evaluation using Agent-Based Simulation,” in INCOSE International Symposium, 2018, pp. 1706–1719.
  31. E. Blasch, R. Cruise, S. Natarajan, A. K. Raz, and T. Kelly, “Control diffusion of information collection for situation understanding using Boosting MLNs,” in 2018 21st International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION), IEEE, 2018, pp. 1–8.
  32. A. K. Raz and D. A. DeLaurentis, “Information Fusion System design space characterization by Design of Experiments,” in 2016 19th International Conference on Information Fusion (FUSION), IEEE, 2016, pp. 2147–2154.
  33. A. K. Raz and D. A. DeLaurentis, “Performance evaluation of distributed Track-to-Track fusion systems,” in 2014 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics (SMC), IEEE, 2014, pp. 1585–1590.

Non-Refereed Conference Papers

  1. B. Prigg, A. K. Raz, and Alexandre D. Barreto. “Cybersecurity Threat Analysis of a Free-Space Optical Communication System Through Model-Based Systems Engineering.” AIAA SCITECH 2026 Forum. 2026.
  2. C. Vaseghi, V. Omelko, R. Hilliard, D. Maxwell, and A. K. Raz, “Distributed Command and Control Systems with Intent-Based Networking: Effectiveness and Evaluation.” AIAA SCITECH 2026 Forum, 2026.
  3. S. Khatouri, F. Sahebsara, M. Hieb, and A.K. Raz, “From Physical Realm to Digital Twin: An Additive Manufacturing Approach to Digital Twin Testbed Development.” In AIAA SCITECH 2026 Forum, 2026.
  4. A. Talukder, S. Alam, R. Hilliard, V. Omelko, D. Maxwell, and A. K. Raz. “Distributed Command and Control Systems with Intent-based Networking: Mission Path Formation.” In AIAA SCITECH 2026 Forum, 2026.
  5. F. Sahebsara, S. Khatouri, D. Aziz, O. Zeki, M. Hieb, and A. K. Raz. “The Cornerstone of Digital Engineering: Harnessing Model-based Systems Engineering for Future Systems.” In AIAA SCITECH 2026 Forum, 2026.
  6. B. Prigg and A. K. Raz, “Link Analysis of Hybrid Free Space Optics and RF Communications via Model-based Systems Engineering.” In AIAA SCITECH 2024 Forum (p. 1055). Orlando, FL, 2024
  7. A. K. Raz, M. Hieb, J. Ferrari, L. Sherry, and P. Costa, “Exploiting Information Fusion for Cybersecurity of Small Unmanned Aerial Vehicles,” in AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum, 2023, p. 2582.
  8. W. C. Levin, S. M. Nolan, A. K. Raz, K. Ezra, J. J. Parish, and K. Williams, “Motion-Primitive based Deep Reinforcement Learning for High Speed Aerospace Vehicle Missions,” in AIAA SCITECH 2023 Forum, 2023, p. 2667.
  9. J. Llinas, C. Bowman, and A. K. Raz, “Evolving Towards a Reference Architecture for Data Fusion,” in AIAA SCITECH 2022 Forum, 2022, p. 0995.
  10. B. Smith, E. Sitchin, A. K. Raz, D. DeLaurentis, and W. Stahlschmidt, “Modeling Hypersonic Vehicle Interdependencies at the Subsystem Level,” in AIAA Aviation 2021 Forum, 2021, p. 2456.
  11. E. Blasch, A. K. Raz and R. Sabatini, “Information fusion as an autonomy enabler for uav traffic management,” in AIAA Scitech 2021 Forum, 2021, p. 0658.
  12. A. K. Raz, E. P. Blasch, C. Guariniello, and Z. T. Mian, “An overview of systems engineering challenges for designing ai-enabled aerospace systems,” in AIAA Scitech 2021 Forum, 2021, p. 0564.
  13. J. Llinas C. Bowman, A. K. Raz, N. Thomas, T. Denniston and J. Fiedler, “Fusion Technology and Systems Design Challenges for the Counter-Small UAS Threat,” in National Symposium on Sensor and Data Fusion (NSSDF), 2021.
  14. A. K. Raz, P. Balasubramani, S. Harrington, C. Guariniello, and D. A. DeLaurentis, “System-of-Systems Acquisition Analytics Using Machine Learning Techniques,” 2020.
  15. A. K. Raz, E. Blasch, R. Cruise, and S. Natarajan, “Enabling Autonomy in Command and Control via Game-Theoretic Models and Machine Learning with a Systems Perspective,” in AIAA Scitech 2019 Forum, 2019, p. 0381.
  16. A. Maheshwari, N. Davendralingam, A. K. Raz, and D. A. DeLaurentis, “Developing Model-Based Systems Engineering Artifacts for Legacy Systems,” in 2018 AIAA Aerospace Sciences Meeting, 2018, p. 1213.
  17. A. K. Raz and D. A. DeLaurentis, “System-of-Systems Architecture Metrics for Information Fusion: A Network Theoretic Formulation,” in AIAA Information Systems-AIAA Infotech @ Aerospace, AIAA SciTech Forum, 2017.
  18. A. K. Raz and D. A. DeLaurentis, “A system-of-systems perspective on information fusion systems: architecture representation and evaluation,” in AIAA Infotech@ Aerospace, 2015, p. 0644